I learnt JAVA without a proper GUI, only a compiler installed and using Geany, which is kinda like Notepad++. You can easily learn to code, with no help or syntax clues, the compiler is kinda communicative anyway. C# on the other hand is really all about Visual Studio.
I don't agree with the PHP thing. That language is garbage and moreover, you have to install a php server on your PC to test your stuff, cause it just won't run by itself. Python is a weird one. Has weird syntax to begin with. I'd rather recommend something C related at least. Our university starts with C++ even for beginners, which I have no idea why, but it's not that bad of a choice.